3,4,5‐Trinitropyrazole‐Based Energetic Salts |
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| Authors: | Dr Yanqiang Zhang Dr Yong Guo Dr Young‐Hyuk Joo Dr Damon A Parrish Prof Dr Jean'ne M Shreeve |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844‐2343 (USA), Fax: (+1)?208‐885‐9146;2. Naval Research Laboratory, Code 6030, Washington, D.C. 20375‐5001 (USA) |
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| Abstract: | High‐density energetic salts that are comprised of nitrogen‐rich cations and the 3,4,5‐trinitropyrazolate anion were synthesized in high yield by neutralization or metathesis reactions. The resulting salts were fully characterized by 1H, 13C NMR, and IR spectroscopy; differential scanning calorimetry; and elemental analysis. Additionally, the structures of the 3,5‐diaminotriazolium and triaminoguanidinium 3,4,5‐trinitropyrazolates were confirmed by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Based on the measured densities and calculated heats of formation, the detonation performances (pressure: 23.74–31.89 GPa; velocity: 7586–8543 ms?1; Cheetah 5.0) of the 3,4,5‐trinitropyrazolate salts are comparable with 1,3,5‐triamino‐2,4,6‐trinitrobenzene (TATB; 31.15 GPa and 8114 ms?1). Impact sensitivities were determined to be no less than 35 J by hammer tests, which places these salts in the insensitive class. |
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| Keywords: | detonation performance energetic salts heterocycles polynitro compounds structure– property relationships |
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