Exploring Reversible Quenching of Fluorescence from a Pyrazolo[3,4‐b]quinoline Derivative by Protonation |
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Authors: | Linping Mu Zhiqun He Prof Xiangfei Kong Guanbao Hui Min Xu Chunjun Liang Dr Xiping Jing Dr Andrzej Danel Dr Ewa Kulig Dr |
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Institution: | 1. Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, Institute of Optoelectronic Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044 (P. R. China), Fax: (+86)?10?51683933;2. College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871 (P. R. China);3. Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculturem, 31129 Cracow (Poland) |
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Abstract: | Pyrazolo3,4‐b]quinoline derivatives are reported to be highly efficient organic fluorescent materials suitable for applications in light‐emitting devices. Although their fluorescence remains stable in organic solvents or in aqueous solution even in the presence of H2O, halide salts (LiCl), alkali (NaOH) and weak acid (acetic acid), it suffers an efficient quenching process in the presence of protic acid (HCl) in aqueous or ethanolic solution. This quenching process is accompanied by a change in the UV spectrum, but it is reversible and can be fully recovered. Both steady‐state and transient fluorescence spectra of 1‐phenyl‐3,4‐dimethyl‐1H‐pyrazolo‐3,4‐b]quinoline (PAQ5) during quenching are measured and analyzed. It is found that a combined dynamic and static quenching mechanism is responsible for the quenching processes. The ground‐state proton‐transfer complex PAQ5 ??? H+] is responsible for static quenching. It changes linearly with proton concentration H+] with a bimolecular association constant KS=1.95 M ?1 controlled by the equilibrium dissociation of HCl in ethanol. A dynamic quenching constant KD=22.4 M ?1 is obtained by fitting to the Stern–Volmer equation, with a bimolecular dynamic quenching rate constant kd=1.03×109 s?1 M ?1 under ambient conditions. A change in electron distribution is simulated and explains the experiment results. |
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Keywords: | fluorescence fluorescence quenching molecular devices nitrogen heterocycles protonation |
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