电流型探测器单粒子灵敏度标定的原理及应用

 采用电荷模数转换记录单个脉冲电荷的方法，标定了单能射线在电流型闪烁探测器中产生的平均电流，从而得到其灵敏度。标定结果与传统的电流法在±8%的范围内一致。该标定方法准确度高，扣除本底容易，对标定源的强度要求也大大降低。加上飞行时间法，还可对粒子进行甄别，能在中子-γ射线混合场中将中子和γ射线的电荷贡献分开，得到探测器对每种射线单独的灵敏度。该方法适用于在单个脉冲电荷信噪比较高的场合下标定脉冲电流型探测器。

Principle and application of sensitivity calibration by single particle for current detector

A method adopting the charge analog digital conversion technique to calibrate a current scintillation detector is described. Each pulse charge produced by a single particle is collected and recorded. Calculating the mean current, the sensitivity of the detector is measured. The results agree with the measurement presented by the traditional direct current method within ±8%. This new method can get higher accuracy, subtract background easily and it does not depend on the intensity of the radiation source. By applying time-of-flight method, it is capable of particle discrimination. It can separate the pulse charge produced by neutron from that produced by gamma in a neutron-gamma mixed field. The sensitivity of current detector to each type of particle can be measured separately. This method is appropriate to calibrate the sensitivity of the pulse current detector when the single charge pulse has high signal-to-noise ratio.