咸海的变迁及其对周围环境的影响

从20世纪60年代开始，随着经济的发展，灌溉，工业及生活用水量的不断增加，流入咸海的两种河流－－阿姆河、斯尔河的水量持续减少，从而导致咸海的面积大幅度萎缩，在已干涸的部分形成新的“咸海荒漠”，并与周边的三大荒漠形成一体，荒漠的持续增加，必将对周围的生态环境带来消极的影响，直接影响着周边的土壤、植被及人类的生存环境。作者于2001年5月对咸海地区进行了实地考察，本文结合考察结果和已有研究资料，将重点分析咸海的变迁及对周围环境的影响。

Study on the Shitf of Aral'skje More and Its Effects on Environment

With the rapid increase of economy of the irrigation, industrial and domestic consumption of Amudarja River and Sirdarja River has broughthas benefits to the local people since the begining of 60's in 20th century, but the prosperity is taking its toll on the water resource.With the development of economy, the more and the more water exploited from Amudrja river and sirdarja River for used in agriculture and industry as well as in people' daily life. This can give reason to water reducing in Amudarja River and Sirdarja River, which can account for the acutely shrink of and area of aram Lake. For the reasons given above, new desert formed on the area of Aral'skoje More and joined together with other three previously formed deserts nearby. The expanding of desert effecf directly on the soil, vegelation, and survival environment of local people and it will take a more aggressive effect than ever on the environment. To make all things clear, The author exploite this area in May 2001. This article is based on the data from this investigation and the previous obtained informaiton and discussed the variation and its effects of Aral'skoje More on Environment.