乳腺癌的临床光谱检测

基于激光与生物组织的相互作用原理检测乳腺癌是目前国际研究热点。实验室自行开发研制的近红外乳腺检测仪， 采用780 nm的低频调制激光透照乳房，并在计算机控制下做二维扫描，对侧采用光电倍增管接收透射光信号，将其转化为电信号，实现了对乳腺癌疾病的检测。系统对光强信号采样后进行数据处理和成像，得到近红外光乳腺透照图像。该系统在中国医学科学院肿瘤医院进行了临床试验。共采集了50名患者100多个数据。其中恶性肿瘤患者34例，良性13例，其他3例。近红外诊断结果与患者同期的钼靶检测结果、超声检测结果和病理结果做了对照，正确率达到72.5%，介于超声(77.50%)和钼靶(71.88%)之间。说明近红外方法和所使用的样机对判断乳腺疾病有可行性，为近红外图像方法提供了新的研究思路。

The Clinical Detection of Breast Cancer by Spectrum Method

Breast cancer is one of the most frequently encountered malignant tumors of women.Early detection can save lives successfully.A safe,effective detection method is needed.The detection of breast cancer based on the laser-tissue interactions is an international research focus.The prototype of the detection system in the authors' lab uses a 780 nm low frequency modulated laser to penetrate breast tissue.Two-dimensional scan is processed under the control of computer.A photomultiplier tube(PMT) is used to get the penetrated light and convert it to electrical signal.The signal of light intensity is sampled by the system and used to get the near infrared penetrating image of breast after data processing.In the present paper the signal processing method is discussed and the data processing results in the lab experiments are given.Clinical trials were carried out in the Cancer Institute and Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College,using NIR(near infrared light) breast scanner developed by the authors' lab.The investigations were performed after approval by the ethic committee of Cancer Institute and Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.Written informed consent was obtained from each subject.None of the patients' names,initials,or hospital numbers was used in this paper.Fifty patients underwent the examination.Thirty four of them were malignant,and 13 were benign.The other 3 lacked pathology results.Analysis and comparison were executed to evaluate the result.NIR images,mammographs,and the ultrasound images were compared with both the pathology results and each other.The accuracy percentage of NIR image reaches 72.5%,which is between the accuracy percentage of ultrasound(77.50%) and that of mammography(71.88%).In this paper,the characteristics of different breast diseases were found in NIR images,which offers criterion for NIR diagnosis method in detail.The typical NIR images of different diseases,such as papillomatosis with local cancer and cancer,were shown.The clinical trial verified the validity of tumor diagnosis with the special absorption of NIR light by hemoglobin.Both the position and the benign/malignant property of tumor can be detected by NIR method.The improving aspects of the prototype were proposed.A new approach was put forward to the optical method.