垃圾焚烧炉飞灰中二噁英的分布特性

采用高分辨色谱/低分辨质谱联机分析了不同炉型垃圾焚烧炉布袋除尘器飞灰中的二噁英分布特性。结果表明，燃料组成及飞灰中氯含量对飞灰中二噁英的浓度均有影响。飞灰中氯含量与灰中的二噁英含量成正比关系。尽管飞灰中含有大量重金属，但与飞灰中二噁英的含量并不存在显著的关系。流化床炉与炉排炉布袋除尘器飞灰中二噁英同系物分布特性不同。飞灰中二噁英的主要同系物是1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD(heptachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin)，1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF(heptachlorinated dibenzofuran)和OCDD(octachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin)，PCDFs(polychlorinated dibenzofurans)，TEQ (toxic equivalence quantity)高于PCDDs含量。初步研究表明，炉排炉飞灰中二噁英总量及毒性当量（TEQ）大于流化床炉飞灰。

DISTRIBUTION OF POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZO-p-DIOXINS AND DIBENZOFURANS(PCDD/Fs) IN FLY ASHES FROM MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE INCINERATORS

PCDD/Fs in fly ash from bag filters of different type of incinerator were detected by high resolution gas chromatography coupled with low resolution mass spectrometry(HRGC/LRMS).The results show the types of fuel and chlorine content in fly ash have remarkable influence on concentration of PCDD/Fs in fly ash. There is a direct proportional correlation between PCDD/Fs and chlorine content in fly ash.Although large amounts of heavy metals are found in fly ash, they do not have a noticeable relationship with dioxins in fly ash. The congener profiles of dioxins in fly ash are different between the fluidized bed incinerator and stoke grate incinerator. The major homologue of PCDD/Fs is 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD,1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF and OCDD. The TEQ of PCDFs is higher than that of PCDDs. The primary study shows that the concentration of dioxins in fly ash and toxic equivalent quantity(TEQ) from the stoke grate incinerator are higher than those of fly ash from the fluidized bed incineration.