钙钛矿及类钙钛矿热致变色单晶材料的研究进展

随着人们对智能光伏玻璃、智能温度传感器等智能光电器件的需求增加,卤化物钙钛矿热致变色材料逐渐走进大众视野,由于钙钛矿材料的颜色可随温度发生快速响应,且该循环可逆,其在智能变色半导体器件中的应用相关研究已获得了广泛的关注。本文从钙钛矿单晶材料出发,首先介绍了钙钛矿及类钙钛矿单晶材料的几种常用液相制备方法。随后分别重点介绍了三维卤化物钙钛矿、低维类钙钛矿等几类单晶材料的热致变色现象,包括不同类型的材料因结构不同,而表现出两种不同的热变色机理:以低维类钙钛矿材料为代表的结构相变和以双钙钛矿材料为代表的晶格膨胀。对比了不同单晶材料热致变色性能的优劣,如是否具有可逆性等,同时介绍了其在多功能应用领域的发展潜力。最后对钙钛矿热致变色材料目前面临的挑战和未来的发展进行了展望。

Research Progress on the Perovskite and Perovskite-Like Thermochromic Single Crystal Materials

As the increasing demand for smart photoelectric devices such as smart photovoltaic glass and smart temperature sensors, halide perovskite thermochromic materials are gradually emerging. It is widely focused and studied to apply the perovskite material to smart color-changing semiconductor devices due to its characteristics of quick color response with the temperature and reversible cycle. In this paper, firstly, several common liquid-phase preparation methods for perovskite and perovskite-like single crystal materials are introduced. Secondly, thermochromic phenomena of three-dimensional halide perovskite single crystal material, low-dimensional perovskite-like single crystal material, and other single crystal material are mainly introduced, including different materials showing two different thermochromic mechanisms due to their different structures: structural phase transition represented by low-dimensional perovskite material and lattice expansion represented by double perovskite materials. Thirdly, the advantages and disadvantages of thermochromic properties of different single crystal materials, such as whether they are reversible, are compared, and their development potential in multi-functional applications is introduced. Finally, the current challenges and future development of perovskite thermochromic materials are prospected.