浅谈纳米酶的高效设计策略

作为纳米尺度的新效应,纳米酶因其优异的材料性能和酶学特性引起了研究人员的广泛关注,并在分析检测、疾病诊断治疗、环境监测保护等领域展现出独特的魅力。然而,在过去的几十年中,受限于纳米材料复杂组分和模糊的催化位点等,如何高效设计纳米酶一直是纳米酶领域亟待解决的关键问题之一。本文综述了目前纳米酶高效设计的几种策略,如高通量计算筛选、理性设计和仿生设计,并重点阐述了金属有机框架仿生设计中构效关系的研究。最后,对纳米酶高效设计的未来发展进行了展望。

Efficient Design Strategies for Nanozymes

The enzyme-like activity of nanozymes is an emerging effect of nanomaterials. Due to the excellent physicochemical properties and unique enzyme-like activities, nanozymes have become promising functional nanomaterials. Till now nanozymes have been used in biomedical sensing, diagnosis and therapeutics, as well as environment protection. Despite of the great success achieved in the past several decades, how to efficiently design nanozymes is still one of the bottlenecks in the field, which is originated from the complicated composition and ambiguity in the active sites of nanomaterials. To tackle these challenges, this insight first summarizes the current efficient design strategies of nanozymes, such as computation-aided high throughput screening, rational design, and biomimetic design. And then, the development of bio-inspired metal-organic framework(MOF) nanozymes, particularly the structure-activity relationship study, is highlighted. At the end, combined with current research trend, several directions and inspirations for the future study are suggested to advance the nanozymes research.