手术导航用荧光探针

荧光成像技术因具有操作简便、分辨率高、安全性好且可实时成像等优势,在术中导航中具有广阔的应用前景。虽然目前还没有靶向荧光探针在临床上得到批准,但已经有相当一部分荧光探针进入了临床试验阶段。最早进入临床试验的是一些偶联肿瘤靶向配体的荧光染料,例如近红外菁染料(IRDye800CW)标记的肿瘤特异抗体,叶酸标记的异硫氰酸荧光素(EC17)等。近来,结构更复杂的荧光探针如酶反应激活型探针和PET/荧光双模态探针也逐步进入临床试验。本文依据近年来手术导航用荧光探针的最新研究进展,分别就受体介导的靶向荧光探针、可激活型靶向荧光探针、近红外二区(NIR-Ⅱ)荧光探针、多模态荧光探针和诊疗一体化探针进行了分类讨论,重点对正在进行临床研究及具有临床转化前景的荧光探针的分子设计原理进行了分析与总结,并对手术导航用荧光探针未来的发展进行了展望。

Fluorescent Probes for Intraoperative Navigation

Fluorescence imaging has a promising application prospect in clinical tumor tracing and intraoperative navigation, by virtue of its simple operation, high resolution, safety and real-time imaging. Though there are no targeted fluorescent probes clinically approved yet, a great number of targeted fluorescent probes are indeed under clinical trials. The very first ones are fluorescent dyes conjugated with tumor-targeting ligands, such as tumor-specific antibodies labeled with near-infrared(NIR) cyanine dye(IRDye800 CW) and fluorescein isothiocyanate labeled with folic acid(EC17). In recent years, more complicated fluorescent probes, such as activatable probes and PET/fluorescent dual-modal imaging probes, have gradually entered clinical trials. Based on the latest research progress of fluorescent probes for intraoperative navigation, this review discusses receptor-mediated targeted fluorescent probes, activatable targeted fluorescent probes, NIR-Ⅱ fluorescent probes, multimodal fluorescent probes and theranostic fluorescent probes, with an emphasis on analyzing and summarizing the molecular design principles of fluorescent probes which are undergoing clinical evaluation or with the potential of clinical translation. At last, the future perspectives of fluorescent probes for intraoperative navigation are prospected.