金属组学方法识别水中络合态重金属形态及其吸附净化技术研究进展

Cu²⁺、Pb²⁺和Ni²⁺等重金属离子可与水中乙二胺四乙酸、柠檬酸、酒石酸等有机分子形成络合态重金属。相比于游离态离子，络合态重金属具有更高的水溶性和环境毒性，在广泛的pH值范围内稳定存在且形态复杂，难以通过化学沉淀等常规方法高效去除。对近年来基于金属组学方法的水中络合态重金属复杂形态分析方法进行总结，对吸附净化技术在络合态重金属废水处理中的研究进展进行综述，并对上述领域需要解决的问题进行了探讨和展望。

Research Progress in the Identification of Heavy Metal Complexes in Water by Metallomics and the Purification Technologies by Adsorption

Heavy metal ions such as Cu2+, Pb2+, and Ni2+ usually form heavy metal complexes with organic molecules in water, including ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), citric acid, tartaric acid, and so on. Compared with the free ions, the heavy metal complexes have higher water solubility and environmental toxicity. They can exist stably and exhibit complex forms in a wide range of pH, making them difficult to remove efficiently by traditional methods such as chemical precipitation. In this article, we summarize the recent advances in morphology analysis of heavy metal complexes in wastewater based on metallomics methods, review the research progress of adsorption purification techniques in the treatment of wastewater containing heavy metal complexes, and prospect the problems that need to be addressed.