苜蓿胚状体的分离及其发育过程中几种酶活性的变化

通过组织培养技术获得了来源于苜蓿下胚轴愈伤组织的胚状体，并对胚状体的分离及发生和发育过程中过氧化物酶、酯酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性的变化进行了研究。结果表明，过氧化物酶和超氧化物歧化酶的活性变化表现出类似的规律性，即在球形胚时期二种酶的活性达到最大值，胚性愈伤组织时期次之，非胚性愈伤组织和子叶胚时期酶的活性较低。酯酶在球形胚、心形胚、鱼雷形胚和子叶胚时期的活性明显高于非胚性愈伤组织时期，且按照胚状体发生和发育的进程，酶活性呈现出上升的趋势。

Activity Changes of Several Enzyme During Somatic Embryogenesis and Development in Alfalfa

The somatic embryos from calli derived from hypocotylendon segments of Medicugo sativa L. were obtained by tissue culture. The activity changes of peroxidase, esterase and superoxide dismutase were determined during somatic embryogenesis and development respectively. The results showed that activities of peroxidase and superoxide dismutase exhibited similar change; The activities of these enzymes were higher in globular embryo stage than that in embryonic calli. In contrast, their activities were lower in nonembryonic calli and cotylendonous embryo stage. The change of esterase activity was different from that of peroxidase and superoxide dismutase during somatic embryogenesis and development. Its activity in globular embryo, heart embryo, torpedo embryo and cotyledonous embryo stages was obviously higher than that in embryonic and nonembryonic stages, and the activity was promoted gradually with the progress of somatic embryogenesis and development.