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Simple Equations Method and Non-Linear Differential Equations with Non-Polynomial Non-Linearity
Authors:Nikolay K Vitanov  Zlatinka I Dimitrova
Institution:1.Institute of Mechanics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Block 4, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;2.Climate, Atmosphere and Water Research Institute, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Blvd. Tzarigradsko Chaussee 66, 1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
Abstract:We discuss the application of the Simple Equations Method (SEsM) for obtaining exact solutions of non-linear differential equations to several cases of equations containing non-polynomial non-linearity. The main idea of the study is to use an appropriate transformation at Step (1.) of SEsM. This transformation has to convert the non-polynomial non- linearity to polynomial non-linearity. Then, an appropriate solution is constructed. This solution is a composite function of solutions of more simple equations. The application of the solution reduces the differential equation to a system of non-linear algebraic equations. We list 10 possible appropriate transformations. Two examples for the application of the methodology are presented. In the first example, we obtain kink and anti- kink solutions of the solved equation. The second example illustrates another point of the study. The point is as follows. In some cases, the simple equations used in SEsM do not have solutions expressed by elementary functions or by the frequently used special functions. In such cases, we can use a special function, which is the solution of an appropriate ordinary differential equation, containing polynomial non-linearity. Specific cases of the use of this function are presented in the second example.
Keywords:non-linear differential equations  exact solutions  simple equations method (SEsM)  composite functions  Faa di Bruno formula  V-function
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