银鲳脾脏和头肾的形态与组织学特征

为了解银鲳(Pampus argenteus)免疫器官的特点, 采用解剖及组织切片显微技术, 对银鲳脾脏和头肾的形态与组织学结构特征进行观察. 结果显示: 银鲳的脾脏位于胃后方, 前肠背侧, 外被薄层结缔组织, 内部实质由红髓和白髓组成; 脾小梁结构不明显, 内含大量淋巴细胞、红细胞及丰富的动脉、静脉和椭圆体结构; 有黑色素巨噬细胞及其聚集形成的黑色素巨噬细胞中心, 无神经束结构; 头肾位于食道背侧, 口腔内咽退缩肌上方, 表面有胶原纤维构成的薄层被膜, 内部为淋巴样实质组织, 无肾单位结构; 头肾含有丰富的淋巴细胞和少量红细胞, 分布有动脉、静脉和毛细血管, 在毛细血管旁存在肾上组织, 实质中可见黑色素巨噬细胞中心. 研究结果表明, 银鲳的脾脏和头肾是体内重要的免疫和造血器官.

Morphological and histological characteristics of spleen and head-kidney of Pampus argenteus

In order to understand the characteristics of the immune organs of Pampus argenteus, the current study used the dissect and tissue slice microtechnic, and observed the microstructure of the spleen and head kidney of Pampus argenteus. The results showed that the spleen lied behind the stomach and the back of the foregut. It was covered with a thin layer of connective tissue. Spleen parenchyma was formed by alternating arrangement of red and white pulp. The spleen trabecular structure was not evident. There were a large number of lymphocytes and blood cells in the tissue. The cells were rich in artery, vein and ellipsoid structure. The cells were present with melanin macrophages without nerve bundle structure. The head-kidney of Pampus argenteus was located at the back of esophagus and above the constrictor naris in oral cavity. They were surrounded by collagen fiber structure which belonged to lymphoid parenchyma without nephron structure. The head-kidney was rich in lymphocytes, with a small amount of blood cells. The distribution of arteries, veins and capillaries was also observed. The adrenal tissue existed by the capillaries side. Melano-macrophage center was visible in the parenchyma. In conclusion, the spleen and head-kidney are the important immune organs and hematopoietic organs of Pampus argenteus.