岩石爆破的粉碎区及其空腔膨胀

本文根据爆炸冲击波的理论分析,讨论了柱形装药和球形装药的粉碎区半径、炮孔近区的压缩比、爆破空腔及其空腔的发展时间。通过分析,给出柱形装药的爆炸近区参数。计算结果表明:2号铵梯岩石炸药柱形装药在岩石介质中产生的粉碎区半径一般是炮孔半径的1.65～3.05倍,球装药在岩石介质中产生的粉碎区半径是球形装药半径的1.28～1.75倍;柱形装药在孔壁处的冲击波波长与炮孔半径属于同一量级;粉碎区内的平均压缩比为1.05～1.10。

SMASH DISTRICTS AND EXPANDING OF CAVITIES IN ROCK BLASTING

According to theoretical analysis of the shock wave, the smash district radius by the cylindrical or spherical charge, the compression ratio in the smash district, the cavity and its expanding time are all discussed in the paper. Through anaylsis, the explosion parameters near the hole by cylindrical charge are gotten. The calculated results show for No.2 Anti Rock explosive, generally, the radius of the smash district by cylindrical charge is 1.65-3.05 .times as large as that of the hole and the radius of the smash district by the spherical charge is 1.28-1.75 times as large as that of the charge; The shock wave length in the hole wall by the cylindrical charge is the same order of magnitude as the radius of the hole; The average compression ratio in the smash district is 1.05-1.10.