A thermoanalytical study of the oxidation of chalcocite

A sample of chalcocite of particle size 45–75 μm, has been oxidised in a TG-DTA apparatus at a heating rate of 10 deg·min⁻¹ and the products at various temperatures characterised by XRD, SEM, FTIR and EPMA. This has enabled the events in the TG-DTA record to be assigned to specific chemical reactions, as well as the development of a full reaction scheme for the oxidation of chalcocite. Only minor reactions occurred up to 430°C, but above this temperature there was significant oxidation which resulted in an exotherm and mass gain. These events were due primarily to the oxidation of sulfide to copper(I) oxide, and the formation of copper(II) sulfate. The reaction then slowed, but melting commenced at 490°C which permitted further oxidation to take place with the appearance of a second exotherm and mass gain. By 570°C, sulfide oxidation was complete, but solid-solid reactions took place between Cu₂O and CuSO₄ to produce CuO·CuSO₄. Some conversion of Cu₂O had occurred. By 775°C, CuO and CuO·CuSO₄ were the only phases detected. Above this temperature the latter phase was unstable and decomposed to the end product CuO. In celebration of the 60^th birthday of Dr. Andrew K. Galwey