ICP-MS/ICP-AES测定小麦穗离体培养籽粒营养元素及重金属含量

环境中重金属污染会导致谷物营养缺乏、代谢紊乱.借助ICP-MS/ICP-AES系统和离体穗培养方法,准确测定灌浆期不同浓度铜、镉(0,5,15,45 mg·L-1)处理对籽粒营养元素及重金属元素含量的影响.结果显示,不司浓度铜、镉处理显著降低小麦粒重;外源铜促进了籽粒P,K,Mg,Ca,Na,Mn和Zn含量的增加,抑制了 Fe和B的吸收.镉的加入对小麦籽粒P,K,Ca,Mg和Mn的吸收起促进作用,然而对Na,Fe,Zn和B的吸收起拮抗作用.外源铜、镉抑制小麦籽粒对Hg的积累,但籽粒Cu和Cd含量最高分别超过国家食品卫生标准的55和62倍,存在极大安全隐患.

Application of ICP-MS/ICP-AES to detecting nutrition and heavy metal contents in grain of detached wheat spikes in vitro culture

The heavy metals in the environment led to the defect of nutrient contents in grains and metabolic disturbance seriously. In order to research the effect of heavy metal copper and cadmium on nutrient contents and heavy metal contents of wheat grain, the present paper studied the nutrition element (P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Fe, Mn, Zn and B) and contents of heavy metal (Pb, Cr, Hg, Cu and Cd) in organs of detached wheat spikes in vitro culture by ICP-MS/ICP-AES. The results showed that the weight of grain reduced significantly with copper and cadmium treatment. Under different copper treatment, the contents of P, K, Mg, Ca, Na, Mn and Zn increased, but Fe and B contents reduced. Exogenous cadmium promoted the absorption of P, K, Ca, Mg and Mn while interrupted the absorption of Na, Fe, Zn and B. Exogenous copper and cadmium treatment reduced the Hg content in wheat grain, but the Cu and Cd contents were 55-folds and 62 folds of the national food sanitation standard. All the data showed that the effects of copper and cadmium are disadvantageous to the accumulation of nutrient and heavy metal contents.