Hollow‐fiber liquid‐phase microextraction for the direct determination of flumequine in urban wastewaters by flow‐injection analysis with terbium‐sensitized chemiluminescence |
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Authors: | Juan Antonio Ocaña‐González María Ramos‐Payán Rut Fernández‐Torres Manuel Callejón‐Mochón Miguel Ángel Bello‐López |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Analytical Chemistry, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain;2. Department of Analytical Chemistry, Lineberger Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA;3. Research Centre of Health and Environment (CYSMA), University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain |
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Abstract: | A flow‐injection analysis chemiluminescence method based on the enhancement effect of the flumequine‐Tb(III) complex on the weak native emission of the Ce(IV)‐Na2SO3 system has been developed for the determination of flumequine. The method includes a cleanup and preconcentration stage (750‐fold) of the sample by hollow‐fiber liquid‐phase microextraction using an Accurel® Q 3/2 polypropylene hollow fiber impregnated with 1‐octanol as the supported liquid membrane. The obtained 50 μL acceptor phase was injected in a 1 mM Tb(III) + 4 mM Ce(IV) in 5% v/v H2SO4 stream and mixed with a 2 mM Na2SO3 stream before its introduction into the flow cell. The chemiluminescence signal was linear in the 0.3–15 ng/mL range, with detection and quantitation limits of 0.1 and 0.3 ng/mL, respectively. The method allows the selective extraction and determination of flumequine in wastewater samples, using simpler and lower‐cost instrumentation and with shorter extraction and analysis times than traditional high‐performance liquid chromatography analysis. |
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Keywords: | Chemiluminescence Flow injection Flumequine Hollow fibers Wastewater |
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