基于DEA-Malmquist和Tobit regression的物联网上市公司效率评价

物联网的发展已经成为我国实现经济转型的有力支撑,但其发展过程中呈现的波动性问题仍亟需深入研究.从效率的角度,对我国19家物联网公司的发展状况进行了研究.首先,运用DEA模型测算了19家公司2013-2015年的技术效率、纯技术效率、规模效率以及各公司的规模收益状况.计算结果表明物联网上市公司的效率在整体上呈现上升趋势,只有同方股份在三年内规模收益状况为递减.其次,运用DEA-Malmquist测算了19家公司的技术效率变化指数、技术进步指数、纯技术效率变化指数、规模效率变化指数和全要素生产率变化指数.结果表明,技术进步指数低是制约这19家公司生产力发展的关键问题.最后,运用Tobit regression分析了11项财务指标对技术效率、纯技术效率以及规模效率影响的显著性,得出财务指标对规模效率存在显著影响.基于效率和影响因素分析的实际,为物联网上市公司的发展提供合理的建议,推动我国物联网产业实现良性有序发展.

Efficiency Measurement of the Internet of Things Listed Companies Based on DEA-Malmquist and Tobit Regression

The development of internet of things has become strong power of China's eco nomic transformation,but there is,as a new industry,still some volatility in the economic development process.From the angle of efficiency,we discuss the development situation of 19 listed company of internet of things in China.Firstly,DEA model is used to measurement the technical efficiency,pure technical efficiency,scale efficiency and the returns to scale of 19 companies during 2013-2015.The results show that the efficiency of the internet of things presents ascendant trend on the whole,and only the Tsinghua Tongfang Co.,Ltd.'s returns of scale are decreasing during 2013-2015.Secondly,we apply DEA-Malmquist to calculate the indexes of technical efficiency change,technical progress,pure technical efficiency change,scale efficiency change and total factor productivity change of the 19 companies.The results indicate that the lower technical progress index is the key restriction factor to the productive development of the internet of things companies.Finally,we uses Tobit regression to analyze the effects of 11 financial indicators on technical efficiency,pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency calculated by DEA.We conclude that the financial indicators are main influence the scale efficiency.Based on the actual situation of the efficiency and influence factors analysis,we provide some reasonable suggestions for the development of the internet of things,and in order to better promote the leap forward development of internet of things industry in China.