Reactive matrix clean-up of naturally occurring perylene in young lignite |
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Authors: | Torsten Spitzer |
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Institution: | (1) Environmental, Industrial, and Food Analysis, Postfach 1428, 38334 Helmstedt, Germany |
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Abstract: | Young lignite from two locations in Sendai City, Japan, were analyzed for polynuclear aromatic compounds (PACs). Lignite samples
were extracted with toluene and PACs were isolated by a compound-class-selective, reactive matrix clean-up. This clean-up
separates all compounds of polynuclear aromatic structure, for example hydrocarbons and ketones and their primary metabolites,
from interfering organic compounds. The result of this isolation procedure is, therefore, a group of a large number of polycyclic
compounds with different functional groups. Further analysis is done by glass capillary gas chromatography. Perylene was identified
as the only compound obtained by the reactive matrix clean-up of lignite samples from both locations. Concentrations were
in the range of 1–10 mg kg−1. Conversely, PACs resulting from particulate emissions from fossil fuel combustion always contain isomeric PAHs (polynuclear
aromatic hydrocarbons) with some polycyclic aromatic ketones and thousands of primary and secondary metabolites at very low
concentrations. This was demonstrated for a sample of urban air particulate matter, which is the source of PAC contamination
of surface soil. The absence of accompanying PAHs and polynuclear aromatic ketones in the lignite samples confirms that perylene
did not originate from a combustion process. It is assumed that the high concentrations of perylene are the result of a reduction
of perylene quinone. Thus, the high perylene content of the lignite samples investigated is of biogenic origin. |
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Keywords: | Reactive matrix clean-up Perylene Lignite PAHs PACs Particulate matter Mean capacity factor |
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