Interfacial tension in polyelectrolyte systems exhibiting associative liquid–liquid phase separation |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA;2. NanoScience & Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA |
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Abstract: | A continued interest in polyelectrolyte phase diagrams guides the study of interfacial phenomena driven by polyelectrolyte complexation. The liquid–liquid interfaces formed by associative phase separation of oppositely charged synthetic and natural polyelectrolytes provide measurement challenges addressed by force-sensitive methods and deformed droplet retraction. The ultralow interfacial tension, typical of these systems, is sensitive to salt concentration and temperature and displays universal features described by mean-field theory. Several areas of fundamental development and novel applications of charge complexation for interfacial study and examples from membraneless organelles and biomolecular condensates are described. |
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Keywords: | Polyelectrolyte Interfacial tension Phase separation Critical salt concentration Critical temperature Deformed droplet retraction Surface forces apparatus Colloidal probe AFM Biomolecular condensates |
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