The detection and identification of transient free radicals in solution

The various Electron Spin Resonance methods that have been used for studying transient free radicals are described, and their limitations and advantages discussed. Continuous wave and Fourier Transform time-resolved methods are compared and shown to be complementary in studies of radicals produced using flash photolysis. The role of Chemically Induced Dynamic, Electron Polarization (CIDEP) in determining reaction pathways and in linking the photochemistry and photophysics of molecules is described as is the role played by Reaction Yield Detected Magnetic Resonance (RYDMR) and magnetic field effect (MFE or MARY) studies in understanding the reactions of radicals.