Large conversion of energy in dielectric elastomers by electromechanical phase transition |
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Authors: | Tong-Qing Lu Zhi-Gang Suo |
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Institution: | Tong-Qing Lu · Zhi-Gang Suo State Key Lab for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures International Center of Applied Mechanics, School of Aerospace Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710049 Xi’an, China School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA |
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Abstract: | When air is pumped in, a tubular balloon initially inflates slightly and homogeneously. A short section of the balloon then forms a bulge, which coexists with the unbulged section of the balloon. As more air is pumped in, the bulged section elongates at the expense of the unbulged section, until the entire balloon is bulged. The phenomenon is analogous to the liquid-to-vapor phase transition. Here we study the bulging transition in a dielectric elastomer tube as air is pumped into the balloon and a voltage is applied through the thickness of the membrane. We formulate the condition for coexistent budged and unbulged sections, and identify allowable states set by electrical breakdown and mechanical rupture. We find that the bulging transition dramatically amplifies electromechanical energy conversion. Energy converted in an electromechanical cycle consisting of unbulged and bulged states is thousands of times that in an electrome-chanical cycle consisting of only unbulged states. |
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Keywords: | Dielectric elastomer · Bulge · Electromechanical energy conversion · Tubular balloon · Electromechanical transition |
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