Selection of entrainers in the 1-hexene/n-hexane system with a limited solubility

Vapor-liquid equilibria (VLE) have been measured for five 1-hexene/n-hexane/ionic liquid systems and 1-hexene/n-hexane/NMP (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) system with a headspace-gas chromatography (HSGC) apparatus at 333.15 K. The ionic liquids investigated were 1,3-dimethylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate C₂MIM]⁺BF₄]⁻, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate C₄MIM]⁺BF₄]⁻, 1-methyl-3-octylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate C₈MIM]⁺BF₄]⁻, 1,3-dimethylimidazolium dicyanamide C₂MIM]⁺N(CN)₂]⁻ and 1-octylquinolinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide C₈Chin]⁺BTA]⁻. It was found that at low feeding concentration of 1-hexene and n-hexane, the separation ability of ionic liquids is in the order of C₂MIM]⁺BF₄]⁻ > C₄MIM]⁺BF₄]⁻ ≈ C₂MIM]⁺N(CN)₂]⁻ > C₈MIM]⁺BF₄]⁻ > C₈Chin]⁺BTA]⁻, which is consistent with the priori prediction of the COSMO-RS (conductor-like screening model for real solvents) model. But at high feeding concentration, the separation ability of ionic liquids is in the order of C₂MIM]⁺BF₄]⁻ < C₄MIM]⁺BF₄]⁻ ≈ C₂MIM]⁺N(CN)₂]⁻ < C₈MIM]⁺BF₄]⁻ < C₈Chin]⁺BTA]⁻. The liquid demixing effect should be taken into account. The activity coefficients of 1-hexene and n-hexane at infinite dilution calculated with the COSMO-RS model were correlated using the NRTL, Wilson and UNIQUAC model. In this work the predictive results from the COSMO-RS model and UNIFAC model for the 1-hexene/n-hexane and 1-hexene/n-hexane/NMP systems were compared. The UNIFAC model is one of the most important academic contributions by Prof. Jürgen Gmehling.