皂类液膜振荡器

实验发现了一类新型液膜振荡器,在油水两相之间进行成皂反应的过程中,界面附近出现了长时间规则的大幅度pH振荡,将W/O两相体系换成W1/O/W2三相体系,振幅从0.50 pH明显提高到2.88 pH.其中水相组成为CTAB溶液及NaOH溶液,油相组成为油酸的煤油溶液.同时,此类液膜振荡体系中亦存在明显的电势振荡和电导率振荡.为深入了解机理,进行了浓度影响测定,电极位置和种类的变化以及辅助实验等,提出了普遍化的机理,并进行了实验振荡曲线的拟合对比.这个机理指出,在膜反应批量进行的条件下,当反应速率与扩散成比例时,便会产生规则的周期现象.在一价皂液膜振荡器的基础上,通过替换或添加各种金属盐,形成了各类高价皂液膜振荡器,测定了反应过程中pH、电势及电导率的变化.经过同类化学振荡器的比较研究,结合金属离子与酸根之间的络合作用,得出了其中的一些规律.

Soap Liquid Membrane Oscillators

A new liquid membrane oscillator has been discovered experimentally,in the reaction of producing soa p between the two phases of oil and water,pH oscillations appeared near the int erface lasting a long time wi th large amplitude.When the system of W/O two ph ases was changed by three phases of W 1 /O /W 2 ,the amplitude changed from 0.50pH to 2.88pH.The co nstitution of the liquid membrane oscillator is two aqueous solutions of CTAB and NaOH,respe ctively and an oi l phase of kerosene solution of oleic acid.In addition,obvio us oscillations of electric potential and conductiv ity have also been discovere d in the l iquid membrane oscillator.In order to probe the oscillation mechanis m more deep ly,the effect of concentration,the change of position and kind of electr odes,as well as auxiliary experiments hav e been carried out and a gener alizate d mechanism has been given.The mecha-nism pointed out that under the c ondi tion of membrane reaction carrying t o some extent,when the reaction rate is proportion to diffusion velocity,a regular periodic phenomena can be pr oduc ed.A comparison between simula tion of experimental curves and mechanis tic for mula was also engaged.On the b ase of mono valence soap oscillator,various kin ds of higher valence ones were formed by substitution or addit ion of transition metals.The change of pH,electric potential and conducti vity during the reac tion were monito red.With comparison study of the sam e kind of chemical oscill ators,some c onclusions were obtained from the co nsideration of the coordinati on between metal and acid radical.