基于静电吸附作用制备PPy/CNTs复合材料

通过添加十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS), 在碳纳米管(CNTs)表面引入具有静电吸附作用的基团, 使吡咯单体附着于CNTs表面, 然后发生化学原位聚合, 得到了由片状聚吡咯(PPy)包覆CNTs所构成的PPy/CNTs复合材料, 开辟了一条易于工业化生产制备PPy/CNTs复合材料的途径. 所得材料和CNTs借助傅立叶变换红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜等设备进行了成分和形貌的表征; 并将所得材料组装成电化学超级电容器, 进行了电化学性能测试. 研究结果表明, 加入SDBS后, 吡咯单体能很好地吸附于CNTs表面; CNTs的应用细化了PPy的颗粒, 改善了PPy的导电性能和机械性能, 使PPy/CNTs复合材料呈现出多孔状; 其电化学容量达到101.1 F·g-1(有机电解液), 是同样制备条件下所得纯PPy电化学容量(19.0 F·g-1)的5倍多, 约是所用纯CNTs电化学容量(25.0 F·g-1)的4倍.

Preparation of PPy/CNTs Composite Based on the Electrostatic Absorption Effect

We prepared PPy/CNTs (polypyrrole/carbon nanotubes) composites for easy application in industrial production. Sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) was used as a surfactant to produce an electrostatic absorption effect on the surface of CNTs. This effect promoted the adherence of pyrrole monomers to CNTs. CNTs were then covered with polypyrrole by chemical polymerization. Microstructures and components of the obtained materials were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Electrochemical performances of samples were tested by cyclic voltammetry, and galvanostatic charging/discharging by assembling the materials into electrochemical super capacitors. Results showed that pyrrole monomers could attach to the surface of CNTs via the addition of SDBS. Addition of CNTs effectively diminished the size of PPy and also improved electric and mechanical characteristics of the obtained materials. The electrochemical capacitance of the obtained porous PPy/CNTs composite was 101.1 F·g-1 (organic electrolyte) which was about 5 times that of pristine PPy (about 19.0 F·g-1) and about 4 times that of pristine CNTs (25.0 F·g-1).