浙江省自然保护区常绿阔叶林优势种群的生态位特征

以样方法对不同资源位群落进行调查,通过计算群落的生态位宽度、生态位相似性比例和生态位重叠值,分析浙江省7个自然保护区18个常绿阔叶林的12个优势种的生态位特征,探讨了各优势种群在次生林和原生林中生态位宽度、相似性和重叠的差异,比较了乔木树种与小乔木或灌木生态位宽度的差异.结果表明：(1)浙江省各保护区的常绿阔叶林多以木荷或甜槠为建群种或共优种,具有典型的中亚热带常绿阔叶林生态位相似性比例高的特点,且生态位重叠程度较低;(2)次生林中各种群的生态位宽度明显高于原生林,原生林的生态位相似性比例和生态位重叠均高于次生林;(3)常绿阔叶林中小乔木或灌木的生态位宽度趋中,次生林的情况基本相似,而原生林中小乔木或灌木树种的生态位宽度在整个生态位宽度列表中位置提前了. 

The niche of dominant populations in evergreen broad-leaved forests of Zhejiang Province

We established 18 forest plots with area of 1hm2 by quadrat method in subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests,Zhejiang Province.The 18 forests contained 4primary forests and 14 secondary forests.Twelve dominant species in each plot were selected to detect the community niche differences between secondary and primary forests.Three indexs including niche breadth,niche similarity and niche overlap were calculated.In addition,the niche breadth in different growth forms（i.e.canopy,understory and shrub trees）were also calculated,respectively.Results show that Schima superba and Castanopsis eyrei are the mainly dominant species in 18 evergreen broad-leaved forests plots.According to the three niche indexs,these plots in different forest types have high niche similarity and low niche overlap.Moreover,the niche breadth in secondary forests is higher than the primary forests.However,the niche similarity and niche overlap in the primary forests are higher.The niche breadth of all growth form trees are approximately similar in the middle of the whole niche breadth in secondary forests,but the niche breadth of understory and shrub trees are advanced in the whole niche breadth of the primary forests.