离子液体对稠油的改质降黏作用影响因素研究

合成了烷基咪唑型离子液体[BMIM][AlCl₄],研究了稠油含硫量、含水量、过渡金属盐、温度等对离子液体进行稠油改质降黏作用的影响。实验结果表明,稠油含一定硫量是进行稠油改质降黏的必要条件。用[BMIM][AlCl₄]离子液体对稠油进行有效的改质降黏时,稠油含水量应小于10%。环烷酸镍(NiNaph）与离子液体复配使用对稠油改质降黏具有增效作用。用质量分数为5%的[BMIM][AlCl₄]离子液体在一定条件下处理新疆稠油,可使稠油降黏率达到60%,沥青质降低78%。用[BMIM][AlCl₄] 离子液体对新疆稠油进行改质降黏的最佳温度为65℃~85℃。

Upgrading and viscosity reducing of heavy oils by [BMIM] [AlCl_4] ionic liquid

The ionic liquid [BMIM] [AlCl_4] was synthesized to upgrade heavy oils. The influences of contents of sulfur and water, reaction temperature, and transition metal salts on upgrading heavy oils were investigated. The experimental results show that a certain amount of sulfur in heavy oils is beneficial to the viscosity reduction. The reduction of viscosity by [BMIM] [AlCl_4] ionic liquid is better when the water content of heavy oils is less than 10%. The optimum temperature to upgrade the Xinjiang heavy oil with [BMIM] [AlCl_4] ionic liquid is 65℃～85℃. The combination of transition metal salts and [BMIM] [AlCl_4] can enhance the viscosity reduction in heavy oils. More than 60% of viscosity can be reduced by treating the heavy oil with the mixture of [BMIM] [AlCl_4] and NiNaph, and in addition, the asphaltene content can be reduced by 78%.