Solvent extraction of ionic solutes in aqueous solutions

Extraction of ionic solutes in aqueous solutions into various organic solvents is reviewed by showing several examples. The extraction of strong acids into polar organic solvents and nonpolar solvents containing hydrogen-bonding extractants is described as the first example and the extraction of simple metal salts into strongly dielectric or solvating polarsolvents and nonpolar solvents containing solvating extractants is then reported. Finally, the solvent extraction of anionic metal complexes with bulky cations into nonpolar solvents as ion-paris is described and the statistical method for such extraction equilibria is considered.