不同理论模型预言合成超重核Z=119~122研究进展

通过双核系统模型与其他模型对$Z\leqslant$118元素的计算结果与实验数据的比较，证明了不同模型预测超重核的产生截面是可靠的。对比分析了不同模型对Z=119和Z=120超重核的预言结果，我们认为合成超重核Z=119和Z=120的最佳弹靶组合分别为反应$^{48}{\rm{Ca}} + ^{{\rm{252}}}{\rm{Es}}$和$^{40}{\rm{Ca}} + ^{{\rm{257}}}{\rm{Fm}}$，并且Z=119新核素很有可能会先于Z=120新核素在实验上被合成。由于实验上Z>100锕系靶的限制，人们正尝试寻找比48Ca更重的弹核来合成超重核Z=121和Z=122，超重核Z=121可以通过反应V+Cf来合成，而超重核Z=122的产生截面已经非常小，要求将来在实验上提高探测及鉴别技术。希望本文的讨论可以在将来为实验及理论核物理工作者们提供一些参考。

Progess on Synthesis of Superheavy Nuclei Z=119~122 with Predictions from Different Theoretical Models

In this paper, the calculated results of elements $Z\leqslant$118 based on the dinuclear system model and other models are compared with the experimental data. It is proved that different models are reliable in predicting the production cross sections of superheavy nuclei. The prediction results of superheavy nuclei $Z=119$ and $Z=120$ by different models are compared and analyzed. It is found that the optimal projectile-target combinations to synthesize superheavy nuclei $Z$=119 and $Z$=120 are $^{48}{\rm{Ca}}+ ^{{\rm{252}}}{\rm{Es}}$ and $^{40}{\rm{Ca}}+^{{\rm{257}}}{\rm{Fm}}$, respectively, and it is likely that the new isotopes $Z$=119 will be synthesized in the experiment before the new isotopes $Z$=120. Because of the lack of target with $Z>$100 in the laboratory, attempts are being made to find heavier projectiles than 48Ca to synthesize superheavy nuclei $Z$=121 and $Z$=122. The superheavy nuclei $Z$=121 can be synthesized by reactions V+Cf. However, the production cross sections of superheavy nuclei $Z$=122 are very small, which requires us to improve the detection and identification techniques in the future. We hope that the discussion in this paper can provide some guidances for experimental and theoretical nuclear physicists in the future.