甲壳素——一类新的液晶性多糖

"将甲壳素的结构与纤维素进行了比较, 并根据结构和链刚性指出其形成液晶态的可能性。简要介绍了制备液晶性甲壳素衍生物所必须的一些主要的化学修饰途径。叙述了15 种甲壳素衍生物的溶致液晶行为以及结构因素对它们液晶临界行为的影响。介绍了甲壳素衍生物形成的主要液晶态织构, 如指纹状织构、交替偏振场织构、条带织构和滴状织构, 以及甲壳素衍生物? 二氯乙酸溶液的热致相转变。综述了甲壳素的成纤性和液晶纺丝。

Chitin—a Novel Kind of Liquid Crystalline Polysaccharide

The structures of tw o kinds of polysaccharide i.e. chitin and cellulose are com pared, and the possibility for chitin to form liquid crystalline phase is discussed according to its structure and chain rigidity. Som e chem ical m odification m ethods necessary for preparation of chitin derivatives w ith liquid crystalline behaviors are briefly sum m arized. The lyotropic liquid crystalline behaviors offifteen chitin derivatives and the influence ofstructure factors are described. Liquid crystalline textures form ed in solutions of chitin derivatives, for exam ple fingerprint, alternative polarized field, banded and droplettextures, and therm otropic phase transition ofchitin derivatives/dichloroacetic acid solution are introduced. Fiber spinning from solutions of chitin and its derivatives including lyotropic liquid crystalline solutions are review ed.