| Abstract: | In a problem of Pareto-efficient insurance contracting (bilateral risk sharing) with expected-utility preferences, Gollier (1987) relaxes the nonnegativity constraint on indemnities and argues that the existence of a deductible is only due to the variability in the cost of insurance, not the nonnegativity constraint itself. In this paper, we find support for a similar statement in problems of budget-constrained optimal insurance (i.e., demand for insurance). Specifically, we consider a setting of ambiguity (unilateral and bilateral) and a setting of belief heterogeneity. We drop the nonnegativity constraint and assume no cost (or a fixed cost) to the insurer, and we derive closed-form solutions to the problems that we formulate. In particular, we show that optimal indemnities no longer include a deductible provision; and they can be negative for small values of the loss, or in case of no loss. |
