基于表界面反应及优化的锂金属电池研究进展

金属锂具有高理论比容量和低还原电位, 是锂电池阳极的理想材料之一. 但在长期循环充放电过程中, 金属锂因锂枝晶生长会导致出现界面恶化及能量损失严重等问题, 对锂金属电极与电解质表界面反应的优化是一个重要研究方向. 本文介绍了锂枝晶产生的危害, 从分析及抑制锂枝晶沉积两方面综合评述了为解决这一问题所采取的方法, 包括固态电解质界面形成机制和保护机理、 表面改性、 三维锂阳极和液态/固态电解质等方法, 总结了各种方法的优劣势, 并展望锂金属电池在能源领域的研究前景.

Advances in Lithium Metal Batteries Based on Surface Interface Reaction and Optimization

Lithium（Li） metal has high theoretical specific capacity and low reduction potential， so it is one of the ideal materials for the anode of lithium batteries. During the long-term cycling， however， lithium metal has problems such as interface deterioration and serious energy loss due to lithium dendrites growing. The optimization of interface reaction between lithium metal electrodes and electrolytes is a significant research direction. In the paper， the hazards caused by lithium dendrites was outlined， as well as comprehensively reviewing methods adopted to solve this problem from analysis and inhibition of lithium dendritic deposition， including the formation and protection mechanisms of solid electrolyte interface， surface modification， three- dimensional lithium anode， liquid/solid electrolytes， etc. Besides， the advantages and disadvantages of methods above are summarized， and research prospects to lithium metal batteries is expected in the energy field simultaneously.