Modeling the electromagnetic field of distant sources in a nonhomogeneous medium

Asymptotic formulas are derived for calculating the far-zone field inside a layered medium induced by a vertical magnetic dipole located on the surface of a horizontally homogeneous layered Earth with a three-dimensional nonhomogeneity. The asymptotic solution is compared with the exact solution. The far-zone dipole field is simulated for the model of a horizontally homogeneous layered earth with a three-dimensional nonhomogeneity. The simulation results show that the 3D-nonhomogeneity is easily detected from electromagnetic measurements with an artificial dipole source on the Earth’s surface.