Pingba RP-3喷气燃料中有色组分的鉴定及其特性研究

用中性氧化铝吸附、无水乙酸脱附的方法，对储存中变色的Pingba RP-3喷气燃料中的有色组分进行分离制备。应用有机元素分析、红外光谱、色质联用和裂解色质联用等分析法对富集有色组分的吸附胶质进行了分析鉴定，对燃料的储存特性和有色组分的化学特性进行了考察。结果表明，Pingba RP-3喷气燃料中的有色组分全部集中在吸附胶质中，吸附胶质以含氧化合物为主，其主要成分为烷基苯酚类（及其多聚体）化合物，含氮化合物质量分数极少，未检出含硫化合物。Pingba RP-3在储存中颜色变深的主要原因是胶质中的烷基苯酚类化合物氧化和缩聚。储存过程中喷气燃料的吸附胶质和颜色增加显著，与燃料在一定条件下的氧化反应有关。

Determination of colored compounds in Pingba RP-3 jet fuel and its degradation properties during storage

Color development of jet fuel during storage is one of the indications of fuel instability, and these dark compounds in jet fuel may be detrimental to aviation engines while running. In this paper, dark jet fuel sample of Pingba RP-3 was taken from an underground storage tank. Adsorptive gum was separated by adsorbing fuel through neutral alumina with size of 100-200 mesh and eluting with acetic acid and distilled water. The gum sample was analyzed with organic element analyzer, gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry (GC-MS), Pyrolysis-GC-MS and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry to identify the colored compounds. In addition, simulative accelerated storage stresses under modified ASTM D4625 and ASTM D2274 were carried out to investigate the storage degradation properties of Pingba RP-3. The results show that the dark materials in Pingba RP-3 are concentrated in adsorptive gum. The predominant colored compounds in the gum are alkylated hydroxybenzene (some in polymerized form), and there are trace nitrogen heteroatomic compounds and no sulfur contained chemicals in the gum. The oxidation reaction plays an important role in the formation of colored components and adsorptive gum during storage. Alkylated hydroxybenzenes may be the main precursors of colored materials in Pingba RP-3.