南京石膏矿特大突水灾害机理研究

发生于2006年9月11日的南京石膏矿特大突水灾害不仅改变了矿区及外围的地下水流场, 并引发了矿区地面沉降变形, 对地表附属物产生了一定的破坏作用, 造成了包括矿山关闭在内的巨大财产损失。南京石膏矿涉及典型的深部矿山地质工程问题, 影响地下开采稳定、矿山灾害和环境问题的主要因素是矿体及围岩的岩性结构及岩体结构构造, 特别是断裂构造及其影响带裂隙发育情况、富水性、导水率。围岩的岩溶强烈富水带的存在是矿坑突水的直接水源; 矿体的软岩特性、矿山开采扰动使采场周围的应力场重新分布、开采对断裂构造及裂隙带等结构体的活化作用都加剧了突水灾害的发生。

CASE STUDY AND MECHANISM OF WATER INVASION HAZARD IN NANJING GYPSUM MINE AT DEEP DEPTH

The especia lly big w ater invasion event occurred on September 11, 2006 in N anjing gypsum m ine. It changed the g roundw ater flow field of them in ing area and surround ing influenced area, and resulted in ground set t lement and ground fissures over the m in ing space and periphery zone, and led to surface structure destroyed such as road, houses, and w orkshops, and caused tremendous econom ic losing inc lud ing m ine c losed up. The N anjing gypsum m ine is a typical underground deep m ine w ith geo log ica l eng ineering issues. The main factors influencing the underg round m ining stab ility, m ine hazard, and geo- env ironm ental problems are rock mass properties and the ir structures, wh ich are especia lly as faults, jo ints or fissures etc. , the ir sa le, mechanics and spatia,l and wa ter abundance and conductiv ity. The intensive karst w ater abundance zones ex ist in the rock layer above the ore bed and in its south, wh ich are the d irect w ater invasion source. The soft rock ( ore ) properties, together w ith deep m ining, m ining d isturbance to the orig ina l stress fie ld surround ing the m in ing space, the de format ion activa tion o f the ex isting fau lts or jo ints or fissures, provides thew ater invasion hazard conditions.