澜沧江中上游流域矿区土壤重金属含量的调查

为了解澜沧江中上游流域矿区的开采和利用对周围生态环境的影响因素,通过选择对该矿区中3种重金属污染物Pb、Cd、Mn进行了调查和实验。确定澜沧江中上游流域的相应采样面,通过湿消化法处理样品,原子吸收光谱法测定了重金属的含量,并作了重金属污染评价。结果表明,澜沧江中上游流域矿区土壤Cd平均值为21.89 mg/kg,超标率为100%,土壤中重金属含量由高到低为Cd,Mn,Pb,重金属之间相关性不显著(P>0.05)。研究区土壤已经被严重污染,单项污染指数由高到低为Cd(21),Pb(0.87),Mn(0.81)。可见澜沧江中上游流域矿区土壤中Pb、Cd、Mn的污染已经呈现出了危害人群健康的趋势,其中Pb、Cd污染最严重,对于重金属污染应采取综合治理措施。

Research on Heavy Metal Pollution in Soil within the Upper Reaches of Lancang River

To study soil in the upper reaches of Lancang river basin, using surveys and experimental method and selecting three kinds of heavy metal pollutants （Pb, Cd, Mn） to understand heavy metal pollution of soil within the upper reaches of the Laneang river basin. Collecting soil samples used distribution points within the upper reaches of the Lancang River Basin. Wet digestion method for soil processing, heavy metals in the samples was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. The results shows that there is very serious exceeded cadmium in the upper reaches of the Lancang River Basin environment, cadmium in soil is 21.89 mg./kg, exceeded 100% , heavy metals in soil is Cd, Mn, Pb, which was no significant correlation （P 〉 O. 05 ）, heavy metals in the soil vulnerable to severe pollution, the single pollution index of Cd （21）, Pb （0. 87）, Mn （0. 81 ）. It concludes soil like lead, cadmium, manganese content have exceeded in different levels within the upper reaches of the Lancang river basin, in which lead, cadmium pollution was severer than manganese, control measures should be taken.