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采用简化阴极的一维边界层模型,将同轴磁旋转电弧等离子体发生器的阴极与弧柱耦合求解,使用FLUENT软件,数值模拟了不同锥角阴极的形状对磁分散电弧等离子体、阴极弧根和阳极弧根位形的影响.结果表明:阴极弧根具有扩散特征,其电流密度为107A·m-2量级；阴极形状的改变引起阴极弧根位形和电流密度分布变化,从而影响等离子体参数分布；随着阴极锥角的增大,阴极弧根从阴极前端移动到阴极侧面,等离子体区域向下游偏移,等离子体轴向厚度减小.

The effect of cathode shape in magnetically dispersed arc plasma

The arc plasma in the coaxial magnetically dispersed arc plasma generator exhibits typically dispersed uniform arc column as well as diffusive cathode root. The arc root characteristic depends on the boundary condition as well as the cathode shape. Magnetically dispersed arc plasma coupled with different shape of cathode is numerically simulated by simplified cathode sheath model with FLUENT. The result shows that the cathode arc root appears to be dispersive, the order of magnitude of which is 107A•m^-2. The configurations and the current density of arc root which has an effect on the plasma distribution highly rely on the cathode shape. With the apex angle of the cathode increase, the cathode arc root moves from the tip to the side of the cathode. The plasma moves downstream and the thickness of the cathode decrease.