Synthesis and light emitting properties of polyacetylenes having pendent fluorene groups

Five novel fluorene‐containing polymers, poly(9,9‐dimethylfluoren‐2‐yl)acetylene] ( PFA1 ), poly(1‐pentyl‐2‐(9,9‐dimethylfluoren‐2‐yl)acetylene) ( PFA2 ), poly1‐decyl‐2‐(9,9‐dimethylfluoren‐2‐yl)acetylene] ( PFA3 ), poly1‐phenyl‐2‐(9,9‐dimethylfluoren‐2‐yl)acetylene] ( PFA4 ), and poly1‐(3,4‐difluorophenyl)‐2‐(9,9‐dimethylfluoren‐2‐yl)acetylene] ( PFA5 ) were synthesized by the polymerization of the corresponding fluorene‐substituted acetylenic monomers ( M1–M5), using WCl₆, MoCl_5, and TaCl₅ as catalysts and n‐Bu₄Sn as a cocatalyst. The synthesized polymers were thermally stable and readily soluble in common organic solvents. The degradation temperatures for a 5% weight loss of the polymers were ～352–503 °C under nitrogen. PFA1–PFA5 show emission peaks from 402 to 590 nm. Besides, their electroluminescent properties were studied in heterostructure light‐emitting diodes (LEDs), using PFA2–PFA5 as an emitting layer. The PFA5 device revealed an orange‐red emission peak at 602 nm with a maximum luminescence of 923 cd/m² at 8 V. A device with the ITO/PEDOT/ a mixture of PFA2 (98 wt %) and PFA5 (2 wt %)/Ca/Al showed near white emission. Its maximum luminance and current efficiency are 450 cd/m² at 15 V and 1.3 cd/A, respectively. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 519–531, 2006