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Praseodymium-doped Ti:LiNbO3 waveguides |
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| Authors: | I. Baumann F. Cusso B. Herreros H. Holzbrecher H. Paulus K. Schäfer W. Sohler |
| Affiliation: | Universit?t-GH Paderborn, FB6 - Angewandte Physik, Warburger Str. 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany, DE Departamento de Fisica de Materiales, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, ES Institut für Schicht- und Ionentechnik ISI, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany, DE Institut für Technologie- und Wissenstransfer im Kreis Soest, FB Elektrische Energietechnik der Universit?t-GH Paderborn, Abt. Soest, Steingraben 21, 59494 Soest, Germany, DE |
| Abstract: | 3 by diffusion doping is investigated by means of secondary neutral mass spectrometry and secondary ion mass spectrometry. The diffusion of praseodymium in LiNbO3 can be described by Fick’s laws of diffusion with a concentration-independent diffusion coefficient and a limited solubility of praseodymium in LiNbO3 increasing exponentially with rising temperature. The diffusion depends on the Li2O content of the LiNbO3 crystal. For LiNbO3 crystals with a nominal slight difference in the congruent composition, the diffusion constants and activation energies for Z-cut LiNbO3 are 3.28×10-5 cm2/s and 2.27 eV, and 1.39×10-5 cm2/s and 2.24 eV, respectively. Titanium-doped waveguides are formed in Pr:LiNbO3 and characterised in relation to waveguide loss and absorption in the visible and near infrared. Received: 17 September 1998 / Accepted: 11 November 1998 |
| Keywords: | PACS: 42.70 66.30 |
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