膜扑翼飞行器的变形研究

最近昆虫翼的变形成了研究热点,而扑翼飞行器的变形力学研究却几乎无人问津.然而,无论昆虫、鸟类还是扑翼飞行器在飞行时,翼的变形都是存在的,要精确计算翼扑动产生的气动力,必须考虑其变形.本文比较了导致变形产生的膜扑翼飞行器的惯性力和气动力在一个周期中的变化情况,发现它们的峰值比值为2左右,然后提出了在随体坐标系中的固支边界条件,采用有限元法计算了惯性力和气动力分别对变形的影响,发现扑翼飞行器的气动力对变形的影响是不可忽略的重要因素,而惯性力与气动力的合力引起的最大正变形发生在下扑初始阶段,最大负变形发生在上扑初始阶段.本文为扑翼飞行器的设计提供了力学分析基础.

The study of deformation for membrane flapping-wing aerial vehicles

Recently the study of deformations for insect wings has become a hotspot while few people attended the deformation of flapping-wing aerial vehicles. But it is existed when insects, birds and flapping-wing aerial vehicles fly, it must be considered to calculate the aerodynamics accurately. This paper compared the inertial force and aerodynamics of membrane flapping-wing aerial vehicles in one cycle, and found their ratio is about 2. Then the boundary condition of fixed support in body-fixed coordinate system was put forward, the finite element method was used to calculate the deformations respectively that caused by inertial force and aerodynamics. A conclusion can be found that the deformation caused by the aerodynamics should not be overlooked. The maximum positive deformation caused by the composition of inertial forces and aerodynamics occurs at the start phase of downstroke, and the maximum negative deformation occurs in the start phase of upstroke. The paper provides a foundation of mechanic analysis for the design of membrane flapping-wing aerial vehicles.