Abstract: | In order to solve the problems between soil and construction machinery such as a hydraulic excavator, it is important to understand their mechanism. The purpose of this research is the development of a three-directional stress cell to measure stress distribution on a backhoe bucket to understand the mechanism of excavation. This three-directional stress cell can directly measure three-directional stresses simultaneously and has both strong structure and high sensitivity, which is not changed by the abrasion of the detecting plate. By using these cells, three-directional stress distribution on the bucket during excavation is measured. The results of the excavation experiments have given us the most fundamental theory of soil excavation, some hints to solve the problems between soil and construction machinery, and a future image of intelligent construction machinery with intelligent sensors. |