Lorentz gauge and Gribov ambiguity in the compact lattice U(1) theory |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia;2. Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institut für Physik, D-10115 Berlin, Germany;1. School of Computer and Information, Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities, Duyun, Guizhou, 558000, China;2. Key Laboratory of Complex Systems and Intelligent Optimization of Guizhou, Duyun, Guizhou, 558000, China;3. Institute for Big Data Analytics and Artificial Intelligence (IBDAAI), Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia;4. Physics Department, College of Sciences Abha, King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia;5. Research Laboratory of Metrology and Energetic Systems, National Engineering School, Energy Engineering Department, Monastir University, Monastir City, Tunisia;6. Higher School of Sciences and Technology of Hammam Sousse, Sousse University, Tunisia;7. School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi’ an University of Technology, Xi’ An, 710048, China;8. The Key Laboratory of Industrial Automation of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723001, China;9. Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Techniques Engineering Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq;10. Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, College of Applied Medical Sciences in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;11. Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia;12. Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Future University in Egypt New Cairo, 11835, Egypt;13. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Kufa, Iraq;14. Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Research Unit (NAMRU), Faculty of Engineering, University of Kufa, Iraq;1. Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, Pontoppidanstr. 111, 9220 Aalborg øst, Denmark;1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran;2. School of Mechanical Engineering, Xian Jiaotong University, Xian 710049, China;3. School of Mechanical, Materials, Mechatronic and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia;4. Public Authority of Applied Education & Training, College of Technological Studies, Applied Science Department, Shuwaikh, Kuwait |
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| Abstract: | ![]()
The Gribov ambiguity problem is studied for compact U(1) lattice theory within the Lorentz gauge. In the Coulomb phase, it is shown that apart from double Dirac sheets Gribov copies originate mainly from zero-momentum modes of the gauge fields. The removal of the zero-momentum modes is necessary for reaching the absolute maximum of the Lorentz gauge functional. |
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