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Magnetic-like field inducing negative Dirac mass in graphene on hexagonal boron nitride

Institution:	1. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;2. Thailand Center of Excellence in Physics, Commission on Higher Education, Ministry of Education, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;3. Division of Nanomaterial Science, Department of Material Science, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;1. College of Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China;2. Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency and Micro-Nano Electronics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China;3. School of Material Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China;1. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand;2. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut''s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10140, Thailand;1. U.S. Army Research Laboratory, 2800 Powder Mill Rd., Adelphi, MD 20783, USA;2. Network Science and Technology Center, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 335 Materials Research Center 110 8th St., Troy, NY 12180, USA;3. Departamento de Física, UNESP – Univ Estadual Paulista, Av. 24A, 1515, 13506-900, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil

Abstract:	The tight-binding electrons in graphene grown on top of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) substrate are studied. The two types of surfaces on the h-BN substrate give rise to Dirac fermions having positive and negative masses. The positive and negative masses of the Dirac fermions lead to the gapped graphene to behave as a “pseudo” ferromagnet. A very large (pseudo) tunneling magnetoresistance is predicted when the Fermi level approaches the gap region. The energy gap due to the breaking of sublattice symmetry in graphene on h-BN substrate is analogous to magnetic-induced energy gap on surface of topological insulators. We point out that positive and negative masses may correspond to signs of magnetic-like field perpendicular to graphene sheet acting on pseudo magnetic dipole moment of electrons, leading to pseudo-Larmor precession and Stern–Gerlach magnetic force.

Keywords:	Graphene Hexagonal boron nitride Spin transverse force Larmor precession
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