碎片超高速撞击防护结构粒子场三维重构

为模拟空间碎片超高速撞击航天器防护结构表面材料喷射/溅射粒子场演化过程,并获取粒子场相关物理信息,基于粒子场同轴激光全息图像开展了碎片撞击过程的三维重构技术研究.首先对全息图像进行边缘剪切和缩放,将其划分为分辨率300×300左右的子图像以便于进行网格剖分;对于粒子堆叠区域子图像,采用基于三角化的网格剖分算法;剖分后形成的单一粒子采用Sobel算子提取其二维轮廓,然后将其投影到特定的三维空间形成三维形体;基于MAXScript语言实现了粒子场演化过程模拟.重构结果表明,无论是粒子场静态三维重构结果还是其演化过程均与撞击试验全息图像吻合较好,从而验证了该重构技术的有效性,为研究空间碎片对航天器防护结构的损伤效应提供了一种新的思路.

Three-dimensional Reconstruction of Shield Structure's Particle Field Under Debris' Hypervelocity Impact

To simulate the evolution of spraying/sputtering particle field in spacecraft shield structure material under debris' hypervelocity impact and obtain its information, a study was made on exploring three-dimensional reconstruction technology of debris' hypervelocity impact process based on laser holographic images. The holographic image was preprocessed to divide it into 300?300 sub-images and triangular mesh algorithm was applied in sub-images of the stacked area; then the contour of the particle was extracted with Sobel operator and projected into specific space to form three-dimensional shape; the particle field evolution steps were presented based on MAXScript language. The expermental results reveal the validity of this technology, and both static reconstruction results and particle field evolution agree with the expermental images quite well. The method provides a new idea to research the spacecraft shield structure damage effects caused by debries.