氢化镁储氢型乳化炸药的爆炸特性研究

 通过理论计算和水下爆炸实验，初步研究了MgH₂敏化储氢型乳化炸药的爆炸特性和爆轰反应机理。结果表明：与玻璃微球敏化的乳化炸药相比，MgH₂敏化的乳化炸药水下爆炸的冲击波超压、比冲量、比冲击波能、比气泡能及水下爆炸比总能量显著增加，其中冲击波超压和水下爆炸总能量分别增加了20.5%和31.0%。MgH₂储氢型乳化炸药的爆轰机理与玻璃微球敏化乳化炸药不同，MgH₂在乳化炸药中起到了敏化剂和含能材料的双重作用，即MgH₂在乳化基质中水解产生均匀分布的氢气泡，起到了敏化作用，同时氢气参与爆炸反应，提高了炸药的爆炸能量和做功能力。

Detonation Characteristics of Emulsion Explosives Sensitized by MgH2

The theoretical calculations and underwater explosion experiments are performed to investigate the detonation characteristics of the emulsion explosive sensitized by MgH₂. The results show that compared with the emulsion explosives sensitized by glass microspheres, the emulsion explosive sensitized by MgH₂ has a great increase in underwater explosion shock wave overpressure, specific impulse, shock wave specific energy and specific bubble energy, and it is noticeable that the shock wave overpressure and shock wave specific energy increase by over 20.5% and 31.0% respectively. In addition, the detonation reaction mechanism of the emulsion explosive sensitized by MgH₂ is also analyzed. MgH₂ plays double roles in the emulsion explosive which acts as both sensitizer and energetic material. First MgH₂ is hydrolyzed in the emulsion matrix, and then a lot of hydrogen bubbles appear and distribute evenly, and at last the emulsion matrix is sensitized and can be detonated by a detonator. The explosion energy is also improved, since H₂ participates in the explosion reaction and alters the detonation reaction process of the emulsion explosive.