Holographic optical elements as scanning lidar telescopes |
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| Authors: | Geary K Schwemmer Richard D Rallison Thomas D Wilkerson David V Guerra |
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| Institution: | aLaboratory for Atmospheres, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA;bRalcon, Inc., 8501 S400W, Box 142, Paradise, Utah 84328, USA;cSpace Dynamics Lab, Utah State University, SER Bldg., Logan, Utah 84322-4405, USA;dDepartment of Physics, Saint Anselm College, 100 St. Anselm Dr. #1664, Manchester, New Hampshire 03102, USA |
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| Abstract: | We have developed and investigated the use of holographic optical elements (HOEs) and holographic transmission gratings for scanning lidar telescopes. Rotating a flat HOE in its own plane with the focal spot on the rotation axis makes a very simple and compact conical scanning telescope. We developed transmission and reflection HOEs for use at the first three harmonic wavelengths of Nd:YAG lasers. The diffraction efficiency, diffraction angle, focal length, focal spot size and optical losses were measured for several HOEs and holographic gratings, and found to be suitable for use as lidar receiver telescopes, and in many cases could also serve as the final collimating and beam steering optic for the laser transmitter. Two lidar systems based on this technology have been designed, built, and successfully tested in atmospheric science applications. This technology will enable future spaceborne lidar missions by significantly lowering the size, weight, power requirement and cost of a large aperture, narrow field of view scanning telescope. |
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| Keywords: | Scanning lidar HOE Conical scan Scanning telescope |
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