A remark on linearly unstable standing wave solutions to NLS

We obtain an optimal growth estimate of a semigroup generated by a linearized operator around a standing wave solution nonlinear Schrödinger equations in two-dimension. Using the growth estimate of the semigroup, we prove that a linearly unstable standing wave solution is orbitally unstable and that instability of the standing wave solution is mainly caused by a mode of an eigenfunction associated with the rightmost (or the leftmost) eigenvalues of the linearized operator. Our result is obtained by using the method of Yajima and Cuccagna that proved L^p$L^p$-boundedness of the wave operator.