纳米金属铁降解有机卤化物的研究进展

有机卤化物是一种毒性强、难生物降解的环境污染物,传统处理技术存在着降解不完全、效率低等不足。纳米技术的发展给有机卤化物的处理带来了一种新的颇具潜力的方法,即应用纳米金属/双金属颗粒对有机卤化物进行脱卤。目前,以Fe(Ⅱ) 和 Fe(Ⅲ)等常见原料合成纳米铁颗粒的技术已经成熟,纳米颗粒对有机卤化物也显示出高效的降解性能。更重要的是,其可灵活应用于地下水和土壤的原位和异位修复,尤其适用于原位修复。本文综述了纳米铁颗粒降解有机卤化物的研究进展,包括纳米铁颗粒的合成与修饰， 降解效能、降解机理、降解动力学、示范工程等，以及发展前景和今后的研究方向。

The Research Progress on Degradation of Halogenated Organic Compounds by Nano Iron

Halogenated organic compounds are environmental contaminants which are of strong toxicity and difficult to be biodegraded. Traditional technologies encounter some obstacles such as non-complete degradation, low efficiency and so on. The nanotechnology is a new promising method for the treatment of halogenated organic compounds, which dehalogenates from organic compounds using nano metals/bimetals. Nowadays, synthesis of iron nanoparticles from Fe(Ⅱ) and Fe(Ⅲ) can be achieved, which can dehalogenate effectively, as well as restore groundwater and soil in situ or ex situ. In this paper, recent developments in both laboratory and pilot studies are assessed, including: synthesis and modification of nanoparticles, studies on degradation of halogenated organic compounds by nanoparticles such as capabilities, mechanism, kinetics, field studies and so on, perspectives of this technology.