Electroelasticity of polymer networks |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel;2. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA;3. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel;1. Department of Astronautics and Mechanics, Harbin Institute of Technology, P. O. Box 344, Harbin 150001, PR China;2. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, U.S.A;1. Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada;2. School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, China;1. Division of Solid Mechanics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden;2. Institute of Mechanics, Department of Mechanical Engineering, TU Dortmund, Leonhard-Euler-Str. 5, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany;1. Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Via Mesiano 77, I-38123 Trento, Italy;2. School of Engineering, Cardiff University, The Parade, Cardiff CF24 3AA, Wales, UK |
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| Abstract: | A multiscale analysis of the electromechanical coupling in elastic dielectrics is conducted, starting from the discrete monomer level through the polymer chain and up to the macroscopic level. Three models for the local relations between the molecular dipoles and the electric field that can fit a variety of dipolar monomers are considered. The entropy of the network is accounted for within the framework of statistical mechanics with appropriate kinematic and energetic constraints. At the macroscopic level closed-form explicit expressions for the behaviors of amorphous dielectrics and isotropic polymer networks are determined, none of which admits the commonly assumed linear relation between the polarization and the electric field. The analysis reveals the dependence of the macroscopic coupled behavior on three primary microscopic parameters: the model assumed for the local behavior, the intensity of the local dipole, and the length of the chain. We show how these parameters influence the directional distributions of the monomers and the hence the resulting overall response of the network. In particular, the dependences of the polarization and the polarization induced stress on the deformation of the dielectric are illustrated. More surprisingly, we also reveal a dependence of the stress on the electric field which stems from the kinematic constraint imposed on the chains. |
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