模化城市生活垃圾衍生燃料制备及热解特性的研究

为保证城市固体废弃物（MSW）或垃圾衍生燃料（RDF）研究过程中所用样品的典型性和可重复性,首先根据我国城市生活垃圾的典型组成人工配制了垃圾衍生燃料（aRDF）,分析了aRDF的组成,采用热重 傅立叶变换红外光谱(TG-FTIR)联用技术研究了aRDF的热解特性,并采用差减微商法计算了热解动力学参数。结果表明,aRDF体现了我国MSW构成的主要特点,且与实际焚烧等过程的垃圾原料更为接近;aRDF在低温热解过程中,氯的释放与芳族化合物的产生处于不同的温度区间,并且缓慢的升温速度加大了HCl和芳族化合物释放的温度区间差异。这为避免高温下HCl对设备的腐蚀、减少甚至消除PCDD/Fs的形成提供了可能。aRDF的热解反应为一级反应,其活化能在64.6 kJ/mol～136kJ/mol的范围内变化。

PREPARATION OF AN ARTIFICIAL REFUSE-DERIVED FUEL FOR IMITATION OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE AND PYROLYSIS PROPERTY

On the basis of total survey on the composition of municipal solid waste (MSW) in China, a formulation was determined for preparation of an artificial refuse derived fuel (aRDF) with the aim both to represent the typical specifications of MSW and to reproduce it easily. Hence, when the aRDF was used in some investigations, the results would be of significance and comparability. An aRDF was synthesized in this way in this paper. Then it was investigated by proximate/ultimate analysis and by TG-FTIR techniques. It is demonstrated that the aRDF well “duplicates” the typical composition and characterization of MSW in China. The results show that during pyrolysis under controlled condition the HCl evolves and aromatic compounds occur at different temperature ranges, which strongly suggests that the formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) be partly or even completely prevented when gases from different temperature zones in heat treatment apparatus are separately utilized. It is obvious that only Cl source and dioxin precursors (mainly aromatic compounds) appear simultaneously can PCDD/Fs be synthesized. Besides, aRDF pyrolysis can be described as the first order reaction and their activation energies calculated by Freeman-Carroll method fall into the range of 64.6 kJ/mol～136 kJ/mol.